Format Guide

Policy debate (CX): speech order, prep time & rules

Policy debate (also called Cross-Examination or CX) is a two-on-two format focused on policy advocacy. It is one of the oldest and most academically rigorous competitive debate formats in the US. This guide covers the complete speech order, prep time rules, and how to time a Policy round.

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Policy debate speech order

#SpeechSideTime
11st Affirmative Constructive (1AC)AFF8:00
2Neg Cross-Examination of 1ACCX3:00
31st Negative Constructive (1NC)NEG8:00
4Aff Cross-Examination of 1NCCX3:00
52nd Affirmative Constructive (2AC)AFF8:00
6Neg Cross-Examination of 2ACCX3:00
72nd Negative Constructive (2NC)NEG8:00
8Aff Cross-Examination of 2NCCX3:00
91st Negative Rebuttal (1NR)NEG5:00
101st Affirmative Rebuttal (1AR)AFF5:00
112nd Negative Rebuttal (2NR)NEG5:00
122nd Affirmative Rebuttal (2AR)AFF3:00

Prep time: 8 minutes per team, shared between both partners. Either partner may use prep at any time before their team's speeches.

Prep time rules in Policy

Policy teams share a single 8-minute prep pool. Either partner can call prep before any of their team's speeches. The pool is cumulative — time used before the 2AC comes out of the same pool as time used before the 2NR. Once the pool is exhausted the team must begin speaking immediately when called.

The negative block

The 2NC and 1NR together form the "negative block" — 13 consecutive minutes of negative speaking. This is the most powerful structural advantage in Policy debate. The 1AR must answer this entire block in only 5 minutes, making it arguably the hardest single speech in competitive debate.

Frequently asked questions

How long are Policy speeches?
Constructives (1AC, 1NC, 2AC, 2NC): 8 minutes each. Rebuttals (1NR, 1AR, 2NR): 5 minutes each. 2AR: 3 minutes. CX periods: 3 minutes each.
How much prep time does each team get?
8 minutes per team, shared between both partners. Either partner can use it at any time.
Can prep time be used during cross-examination?
No. Prep time may only be used before a team's own speeches.
What is the negative block?
The 2NC and 1NR are back-to-back negative speeches totalling 13 minutes. The affirmative must respond to all of this in the 5-minute 1AR.

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